But du cours
Understanding the structure of a chemical building and its interaction with other molecules in a phase.
Acquis d'apprentissage visés
- Know how to define the terms: element, nuclide, and isotope.
- Know how to define isotopic abundance and use it to calculate an average molar mass.
- Know how to define covalent and ionic radii.
- Know how to define first ionization energy, electron affinity, and electronegativity (know the usual scales).
- Know how to describe the construction of the periodic table and the evolution of periodic properties.
- Know how to identify the families: alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, halogens, noble gases.
- Know how to place the metal/non-metal boundary.
- Know how to locate an element given its atomic number.
- Know how to predict possible oxidation states and count valence electrons.
- Know how to give the Lewis structure of an atom (2nd period) and define valence.
- Know how to define the chemical bond according to Lewis and apply the octet rule.
- Know how to recognize an electron deficiency and place formal charges.
- Know how to construct a Lewis structure and understand hypervalence.
- Know how to write limiting mesomeric forms and the resonance hybrid, relate mesomerism to stability.
- Know how to state and use the VSEPR model; know the coordination polyhedra.
- Know how to determine the VSEPR type and the geometry around a central atom, justify deviations from ideal geometry.
- Know how to define the dipole moment (and its units) and calculate an ionicity percentage.
- Know how to calculate the dipole moment of a molecule from those of the bonds and the geometry.
- Know how to describe intermolecular interactions: charge/charge, charge/dipole, dipole/dipole, Keesom, Debye, London.
- Know how to define the polarizability of a bond and assess the effect of interactions on state changes.
- Know how to define the hydrogen bond and give orders of magnitude of interaction energies.
- Know how to describe the dissolution of a solute in a solvent.
- Know how to characterize a solvent (polar/apolar, protic/aprotic).
- Know how to choose a solvent adapted to the polarity of a solute.
Programme
- Periodic Classification
- Organization of the periodic table and periodic properties.
- Covalent Bonding and Molecular Geometry
- Lewis structures, VSEPR model, polarity of bonds and molecules.
- Intermolecular Interactions
- van der Waals forces, hydrogen bonds, relation to macroscopic properties.
- Crystal Structure
- Types of crystals, main geometries and coordinations.
- Practical Work: dissolution, dilution, titration (methodology).
Modalités d'évaluation
Written exam: 2.0h - Coefficient: 1.0 Written exam: 2.0h - Coefficient: 1.0 Written exam: 2.0h - Coefficient: 1.0
Supports
Materials available on the Moodle platform.